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Year
2006
Subject
Physics
Award
Benjamin Franklin Medal
Affiliation
University of Gottingen | Gottingen, Germany
Citation
With Giacinto Scoles, for the development of new techniques for studying molecules, including unstable species that could not be examined otherwise, by embedding them in extremely small and ultra-cold droplets of helium. Their work also led to a better understanding of the extraordinary properties of superfluid helium, such as its ability to flow without friction.
Year
1999
Subject
Physics
Award
Benjamin Franklin Medal
Affiliation
Advanced Research Laboratory of Hitachi, Ltd. | Tokyo, Japan
Citation
For the development of high brightness field-emission electron beam and high resolution electron holography interference microscope and the definitive verification of the Aharovov-Bohm effect of the vector potential on the phase of electron waves.
Year
2007
Subject
Physics
Award
Benjamin Franklin Medal
Affiliation
University of Tokyo | Tokyo, Japan
Citation
With Arthur McDonald, for discovering that the three known types of elementary particles called neutrinos change into one another when traveling over sufficiently long distances, and that neutrinos have mass.
Year
1962
Subject
Physics
Award
Ballantine
Citation
For theoretical work on MASER operation (with Arthur L. Schawlow).
Year
2018
Subject
Earth and Environmental Science
Award
Benjamin Franklin Medal
Affiliation
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry │ Jena, Germany│ University of California, Irvine │ Irvine, California
Citation
For her pioneering use of radiocarbon measurements in forests and soils to assess the flow of carbon between the biosphere and atmosphere, with implications for the understanding of future climate change.
Year
1998
Subject
Physics
Award
Benjamin Franklin Medal
Affiliation
Princeton University | Princeton, NJ
Citation
To Tsui and Stormer for their experimental elucidation of the fractional quantum Hall effect, an extraordinary manifestation of the correlations in two-dimensional electronic systems, and to Laughlin for his creative theoretical formulation of the fractional quantum Hall effect, which identified a completely new quantum state of the highly correlated two-dimensional electron gas in magnetic field.
Year
2021
Subject
Earth and Environmental Science
Award
Benjamin Franklin Medal
Affiliation
University of Wisconsin–Madison │ Madison, Wisconsin
Citation
For her contributions to our understanding of how changes in large-scale patterns associated with natural processes, such as forest fires, and human activities, such as urbanization, can affect not only ecological systems but also the
social and economic well-being of society.
Notes:
- "Franklin" Medals are not the same as "Benjamin Franklin" Medals. The Benjamin Franklin Medal was initiated in 1998 to represent the combined legacies of several historic medals, including the Franklin Medal.
- The Scott Medal is awarded by the City of Philadelphia. Prior to 1920, the Institute's Committee on Science and the Arts selected the medalists and the Scott Medals were presented on Awards Day at The Franklin Institute.
- For more information about The Franklin Institute Awards program, contact the Awards Program Director at awards@fi.edu.